Related Resources: heat transfer
Unit Thermal Resistances Well Sealed Air Spaces
Heat Transfer Engineering
Thermodynamics
Engineering Physics
Unit thermal resistances (R-values) of well-sealed air spaces (from ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals, Ref. 1, Chap. 22, Table 2)
SI units (in m2 · °C/W)
Position of Air Space |
Direction of Heat Flow |
Mean Temp. °C |
Temp. Diff., °C |
20-mm Air Space |
40-mm Air Space |
90-mm Air Space |
|||||||||||||||
Effective Emissivity, εeff |
Effective Emissivity, εeff |
Effective Emissivity, εeff |
|||||||||||||||||||
0.03 |
0.05 |
0.5 |
0.82 |
0.03 |
0.05 |
0.5 |
0.82 |
0.03 |
0.05 |
0.5 |
0.82 |
||||||||||
Horizontal Up ↑ |
32.2 |
5.6 |
0.41 |
0.39 |
0.18 |
0.13 |
0.45 |
0.42 |
0.19 |
0.14 |
0.50 |
0.47 |
0.20 |
0.14 |
|||||||
10.0 |
16.7 |
0.30 |
0.29 |
0.17 |
0.14 |
0.33 |
0.32 |
0.18 |
0.14 |
0.27 |
0.35 |
0.19 |
0.15 |
||||||||
10.0 |
5.6 |
0.40 |
0.39 |
0.20 |
0.15 |
0.44 |
0.42 |
0.21 |
0.16 |
0.49 |
0.47 |
0.23 |
0.16 |
||||||||
-17.8 |
11.1 |
0.32 |
0.32 |
0.20 |
0.16 |
0.35 |
0.34 |
0.22 |
0.17 |
0.40 |
0.38 |
0.23 |
0.18 |
||||||||
45° slope Up ↑ |
32.2 |
5.6 |
0.52 |
0.49 |
0.20 |
0.14 |
0.51 |
0.48 |
0.20 |
0.14 |
0.56 |
0.52 |
0.21 |
0.14 |
|||||||
10.0 |
16.7 |
0.35 |
0.34 |
0.19 |
0.14 |
0.38 |
0.36 |
0.20 |
0.15 |
0.40 |
0.38 |
0.20 |
0.15 |
||||||||
10.0 |
5.6 |
0.51 |
0.48 |
0.23 |
0.17 |
0.51 |
0.48 |
0.23 |
0.17 |
0.55 |
0.52 |
0.24 |
0.17 |
||||||||
-17.8 |
11.1 |
0.37 |
0.36 |
0.23 |
0.18 |
0.40 |
0.39 |
0.24 |
0.18 |
0.43 |
0.41 |
0.24 |
0.19 |
||||||||
ertical Horizontal → |
32.2 |
5.6 |
0.62 |
0.57 |
0.21 |
0.15 |
0.70 |
0.64 |
0.22 |
0.15 |
0.65 |
0.60 |
0.22 |
0.15 |
|||||||
10.0 |
16.7 |
0.51 |
0.49 |
0.23 |
0.17 |
0.45 |
0.43 |
0.22 |
0.16 |
0.47 |
0.45 |
0.22 |
0.16 |
||||||||
10.0 |
5.6 |
0.65 |
0.61 |
0.25 |
0.18 |
0.67 |
0.62 |
0.26 |
0.18 |
0.64 |
0.60 |
0.25 |
0.18 |
||||||||
-17.8 |
11.1 |
0.55 |
0.53 |
0.28 |
0.21 |
0.49 |
0.47 |
0.26 |
0.20 |
0.51 |
0.49 |
0.27 |
0.20 |
||||||||
45° slope Down ↓ |
32.2 |
5.6 |
0.62 |
0.58 |
0.21 |
0.15 |
0.89 |
0.80 |
0.24 |
0.16 |
0.85 |
0.76 |
0.24 |
0.16 |
|||||||
10.0 |
16.7 |
0.60 |
0.57 |
0.24 |
0.17 |
0.63 |
0.59 |
0.25 |
0.18 |
0.62 |
0.58 |
0.25 |
0.18 |
||||||||
10.0 |
5.6 |
0.67 |
0.63 |
0.26 |
0.18 |
0.90 |
0.82 |
0.28 |
0.19 |
0.83 |
0.77 |
0.28 |
0.19 |
||||||||
-17.8 |
11.1 |
0.66 |
0.63 |
0.30 |
0.22 |
0.68 |
0.64 |
0.31 |
0.22 |
0.67 |
0.64 |
0.31 |
0.22 |
||||||||
Horizontal Down ↓ |
32.2 |
5.6 |
0.62 |
0.58 |
0.21 |
0.15 |
1.07 |
0.94 |
0.25 |
0.17 |
1.77 |
1.44 |
0.28 |
0.18 |
|||||||
10.0 |
16.7 |
0.66 |
0.62 |
0.25 |
0.18 |
1.10 |
0.99 |
0.30 |
0.20 |
1.69 |
1.44 |
0.33 |
0.21 |
||||||||
10.0 |
5.6 |
0.68 |
0.63 |
0.26 |
0.18 |
1.16 |
1.04 |
0.30 |
0.20 |
1.96 |
1.63 |
0.34 |
0.22 |
||||||||
-17.8 |
11.1 |
0.74 |
0.70 |
0.32 |
0.23 |
1.24 |
1.13 |
0.39 |
0.26 |
1.92 |
1.68 |
0.43 |
0.29 |
English units (in h · ft2 · °F/Btu)
Position of Air Space |
Direction of Heat Flow |
Mean Diff. °F |
Temp. Diff. °F |
1.5-in. Air Space | 3.5-in. Air Space | ||||||||||||||||
Effective Emissivity, εeff |
Effective Emissivity, εeff |
Effective Emissivity, εeff |
|||||||||||||||||||
0.03 |
0.05 |
0.5 |
0.82 |
0.03 |
0.05 |
0.5 |
0.82 |
0.03 |
0.05 |
0.5 |
0.82 |
||||||||||
Horizontal Up ↑ |
90 |
10 |
2.34 |
2.22 |
1.04 |
0.75 |
2.55 |
2.41 |
1.08 |
0.77 |
2.84 |
2.66 |
1.13 |
0.80 | |||||||
50 |
30 |
1.71 |
1.66 |
0.99 |
0.77 |
1.87 |
1.81 |
1.04 |
0.80 |
2.09 |
2.01 |
1.10 |
0.84 | ||||||||
50 |
10 |
2.30 |
2.21 |
1.16 |
0.87 |
2.50 |
2.40 |
1.21 |
0.89 |
2.80 |
2.66 |
1.28 |
0.93 | ||||||||
0 |
20 |
1.83 |
1.79 |
1.16 |
0.93 |
2.01 |
1.95 |
1.23 |
0.97 |
2.25 |
2.18 |
1.32 |
1.03 | ||||||||
45° slope Up ↑ |
90 |
10 |
2.96 |
2.78 |
1.15 |
0.81 |
2.92 |
2.73 |
1.14 |
0.80 |
3.18 |
2.96 |
1.18 |
0.82 | |||||||
50 |
30 |
1.99 |
1.92 |
1.08 |
0.82 |
2.14 |
2.06 |
1.12 |
0.84 |
2.26 |
2.17 |
1.15 |
0.86 | ||||||||
50 |
10 |
2.90 |
2.75 |
1.29 |
0.94 |
2.88 |
2.74 |
1.29 |
0.94 |
3.12 |
2.95 |
1.34 |
0.96 | ||||||||
0 |
20 |
2.13 |
2.07 |
1.28 |
1.00 |
2.30 |
2.23 |
1.34 |
1.04 |
2.42 |
2.35 |
1.38 |
1.06 | ||||||||
ertical Horizontal → |
90 |
10 |
3.50 |
3.24 |
1.22 |
0.84 |
3.99 |
3.66 |
1.27 |
0.87 |
3.69 |
3.40 |
1.24 |
0.85 | |||||||
50 |
30 |
2.91 |
2.77 |
1.30 |
0.94 |
2.58 |
2.46 |
1.23 |
0.90 |
2.67 |
2.55 |
1.25 |
0.91 | ||||||||
50 |
10 |
3.70 |
3.46 |
1.43 |
1.01 |
3.79 |
3.55 |
1.45 |
1.02 |
3.63 |
3.40 |
1.42 |
1.01 | ||||||||
0 |
20 |
3.14 |
3.02 |
1.58 |
1.18 |
2.76 |
2.66 |
1.48 |
1.12 |
2.88 |
2.78 |
1.51 |
1.14 | ||||||||
45° slope Down ↓ |
90 |
10 |
3.53 |
3.27 |
1.22 |
0.84 |
5.07 |
4.55 |
1.36 |
0.91 |
4.81 |
4.33 |
1.34 |
0.90 | |||||||
50 |
30 |
3.43 |
3.23 |
1.39 |
0.99 |
3.58 |
3.36 |
1.42 |
1.00 |
3.51 |
3.30 |
1.40 |
1.00 | ||||||||
50 |
10 |
3.81 |
3.57 |
1.45 |
1.02 |
5.10 |
4.66 |
1.60 |
1.09 |
4.74 |
4.36 |
1.57 |
1.08 | ||||||||
0 |
20 |
3.75 |
3.57 |
1.72 |
1.26 |
3.85 |
3.66 |
1.74 |
1.27 |
3.81 |
3.63 |
1.74 |
1.27 | ||||||||
Horizontal Down ↓ |
90 |
10 |
3.55 |
3.29 |
1.22 |
0.85 |
6.09 |
5.35 |
1.43 |
0.94 |
10.07 |
8.19 |
1.57 |
1.00 | |||||||
50 |
30 |
3.77 |
3.52 |
1.44 |
1.02 |
6.27 |
5.63 |
1.70 |
1.14 |
9.60 |
8.17 |
1.88 |
1.22 | ||||||||
50 |
10 |
3.84 |
3.59 |
1.45 |
1.02 |
6.61 |
5.90 |
1.73 |
1.15 |
11.15 |
9.27 |
1.93 |
1.24 | ||||||||
0 |
20 |
4.18 |
3.96 |
1.81 |
1.30 |
7.03 |
6.43 |
2.19 |
1.49 |
10.90 |
9.52 |
2.47 |
1.62 |